Hybrid cars are basically designed to reduce emissions. Urban areas are filled with air pollution that is severed by congestion, caused due to cars. Hybrid cars have undergone a lot of testing to conform to modern standards of environment adaptability. Over the past few years, they have been designed in a manner keeping in mind consumer compatibility with this new breed of cars.

Hybrid cars are well known for being small and fuel-efficient. However, recently cars, such as those introduced by Lexus, now model hybrid cars, along with the design of sports car and saloons. The gas-electric hybrid cars make use of both gasoline and electricity to power the engine, in order to function. The cars have essentially a gas engine. An electric motor is used in order to aid the engine to pick up speed and accelerate.

There are two sorts of gas-electric hybrid cars, the series and the parallel hybrid cars. Both types work properly but make use of different modes to get the work done. In series hybrid cars, the gas engine is used to directly power the electric motor that provides power to the car. However, in a parallel hybrid car, both engine and motor work in accordance, when the car is moving.

Hybrid cars are more efficient because they draw power from two sources instead of one. A great thing about gas electric hybrid cars is that the gas engine is usually much smaller as compared to the ones present in the conventional cars. A smaller engine means that more lightweight materials are used for making smaller engine and car parts, thereby, again resulting in fuel efficiency.

You can also get the best possible mileage out of a gas electric hybrid car. Both Honda and Toyota have developed gas electric hybrid cars that are smaller in structure, use light-weight materials for the car frame and body and are environmentally friendly.

Recent interest by industry analysts points to the fact that only gas electric hybrid cars have the capacity to be both fuel-efficient as well as cost effective. Not only that, but hybrid cars are also able to provide pretty good car performance, given the limited resources. They make use of rechargeable batteries that charge automatically when you are driving.

Many other car manufacturers have jumped onto the bandwagon of introducing environmental friendly hybrid cars. Among the top manufacturers are: Toyota with its model Prius, Jetta by Volkswagen and Volt by Chevrolet, among others. As of now, many other car manufacturing companies are interested in developing their own versions of hybrid cars.

The introduction of gas electric hybrid cars is a welcome step towards creating a better pollution-free world. With the rising alarm over global climate change, the best thing for the international community is to try to chip in to save the environment, in whatever little way they can. Since population growth has increased at an alarming rate in the past five to ten years, car consumers have also increased manifold. This is a reason enough for car consumers to take responsibility for trying to keep the environment around them clean.

Best answer:

Answer by Above Average
NOT “wondrous”…just stupid & useless.

MULES are the only hybrid worth spit.

Give your answer to this question below!

The California Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32), first passed in 2006 with additional early actions taking effect in 2010, is a broad and comprehensive directive with the goal of reducing greenhouse gasses (GHGs) by approximately 25% by the year 2020. This objective of the early action stems from increases in carbon equivalent emissions in California since 1990. The intent of the legislation to reduce greenhouse gasses to their 1990 levels, thereby reversing 16 years of pollution in less than 14 years.

As part of the California Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32) the Air Resources Board (ARB) has approved an early action measure to reduce high-global warming potential (GWP) greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions by establishing new legislation and defining requirements related to improved monitoring of AC/HVAC systems, enforcement of regulations, reporting of refrigerant usage, and recovery, recycling, or destruction of high-GWP refrigerant gases.

The greenhouse gasses (GHGs) as defined by the California’s AB 32 are identical to those gasses identified in the Kyoto Protocol. These gases are already being regulated, monitored, and managed by many other countries around the World. In addition to carbon dioxide (CO2), which is the most widely known GHG, the following gasses are also defined as GHGs with high global warming potential (GWP) carbon equivalent emissions by the AB 32 legislation:

* Methane (CH4): a byproduct of waste decomposition, and natural geological phenomena; the majority of methane is derived from natural gas drilling.

* Nitrous Oxide (N2O): a pollutant created by industrial processes, motor vehicle exhaust, and industrial air pollutants reacting with the atmosphere; like methane, nitrous oxide can also be a product of waste decomposition in nature and agriculture.

* Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6): a gas used for various electrical applications, including gas insulated switchgear. Sulfur Hexafluoride is also used for experimental applications.

* Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs): a collection of commonly used refrigerant and aerosol gasses with a wide variety of other commercial applications. CFCs and HCFCs are considered Ozone Depleting Substances (ODSs), as defined in title VI of the US Clean Air Act (Section 608).

The California EPA’s Air Resources Board (CARB) has developed a complex and highly detailed system of greenhouse gas management for refrigerant gasses, known as the Stationary Equipment Refrigerant Management Program, and stricter standards for new or existing refrigeration systems installation and ongoing maintenance. According to CARB this strategy includes careful monitoring of potential refrigerant gas leaks, improved record keeping and certification of personnel as well as specifications for PFC and HCFC recovery equipment.

The proposed Stationary Equipment Refrigerant Management Program, which integrates two AB 32 early action measures, addresses the detailed monitoring and management of the PFCs and HCFCs noted above and includes tracking requirements for new and existing commercial and industrial refrigeration systems. Likely to be implemented by January, 2010, is the monitoring and management of high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants in large systems in the range of 2,000 pounds of refrigerant gas.

CARB is charged with the monitoring GHGs and high GWP gasses, as well and the eventual development and enforcement of specific and quantitative new regulations covering carbon related emissions which refrigerant management with the tracking, reporting, cylinder management, and gas recovery for stationary refrigerant and air conditioning (AC) systems all becoming key integral parts.

The CARB proposal could also involve fines for mismanagement of refrigerant record keeping, intentional venting of systems, and the inability to regularly submit the required refrigerant usage reports. The California Air Resources Board (CARB) is an extension of the EPA and works to monitor and enforce the US Clean Air Act. Section 608 of the Air Act regulates refrigerant gas usage, leaks, recovery, and annual reporting.

The overall intent of CARB’s strategy is to monitor and reduce the introduction of man-made GHGs and high GWP gasses into the atmosphere, as called for in the California Global Warming Solutions ACT (AB 32) in effect since 2006 with tighter controls, monitoring, and overall regulations becoming enforceable by early 2010.

Refrigerant gas monitoring, tracking, and management are important business planning considerations. Just like organizations manage assets, like a delivery truck, the consequences the release of high GWP gases, such as refrigerant gases, must be consider. Refrigerants cost money, harm the ozone and environment, and are subject to mandatory carbon emissions reporting. As organizations with AC/HVAC systems containing refrigerant gas of 50 pounds or more will soon find out, the effective monitoring, management of data, and systematic reporting of refrigerant usage will be key to business success in our emerging carbon economy.

A hybrid is very similar to the gasoline powered automobile most people drive today, the big difference is the hybrid also uses batteries as part of their power supply, most hybrid cars on the road right now are gasoline-electric hybrids although, there are some that are diesel-electric, but for the sake of this article we will concentrate on the gasoline-electric powered car.

A gas powered car has a fuel tank, which supplies gasoline to the engine, which turns the transmission, which turns the wheels. The hybrid is a compromise, it attempts to significantly increase mileage and produce fewer emissions than the gas powered car, to be useful for you or me, a hybrid must be able to be refueled quickly and deliver around 300 miles or better between refueling. The fuel tank on a hybrid is very sophisticated. Advanced electronics allow it to act as a motor as well as a generator. It can draw energy from the batteries to accelerate the car, but acting as a generator, can slow the car down and return energy back to the batteries. It takes 1000 pounds of batteries to equal a gallon of gasoline in energy. This combination can and is cutting gasoline consumption substantially. I am sure things will only get better in the future for hybrid cars; they were a long time in coming and will not be for everybody. The cost for the hybrids is not as much as one might think although some do get quite expensive depending on the extras and options added, the same as any new automobile

Here is a list of what is available in gas powered hybrids on the market today and some that will be coming soon,
Honda Accord, Honda Civic, Honda Fit expected in 2008, Honda Insight, Hyundai Accent, expected in 2009, Chevrolet Malibu expected 2007 Lexus GS 450h, Nissan Altman, expected in 2007, Toyota Camry, Toyota Plus,
SUVs & Minivans- Chevrolet Tahoe, expected 2007, Dodge Durango, expected in 2007, Ford Escape SUV, GMC Yukon, expected 2007, Lexus RX400h SUV, Toyota Highlander SUV, Mercury Mariner SUV, and others will be coming in the near future.

Right now there are enough on the market to look at to see if maybe a hybrid automobile is for you. At first, the designs seem a bit different, they do take a little time to get used to, but after awhile though they do seem to fit right in and some will get you looking a second time at the smart design. Take a look and maybe a test drive, I think you will be pleasantly surprised at the ride and concept of the new hybrids. They are different and will take some getting used to, but they are much needed and will do away with some of the other gas guzzling automobiles that are on the road today. I hope after reading this article you will have a better understanding of what a hybrid car is all about, they seem to be here to stay.

With hydroponics you can grow plants (fruits, vegetables, flowers etc.) using water and mineral nutrients instead of soil. The idea behind hydroponics gardening is to provide the plants with all the nutrients they need to absorb, without using soil. Besides, soil is just a nutrient reservoir and its not critical to the plant growth.

You can grow almost any kind of plant using hydroponics techniques but there’s no guarantee that you will produce greater crops and more nutritious or better tasting products than with quality soil. What is certain is that hydroponics gardening is cheaper, less tiring and it allows greater control of the plant itself.

Here is a list of the great advantages that hydroponics gardening has to offer comparing with classic geoponics gardening:

- In geoponics gardening you kill the plant when you remove it from the ground while in hydroponics gardening you can package the plant and keep it alive and fresh for longer periods of time.

- In geoponics gardening you have to dispose, sterilize and reuse a solid medium while in hydroponics gardening you don’t even use any kind of solid medium.

- In hydroponics gardening you have eye contact and full control of the plant’s root system while in geoponics gardening roots are hidden in the ground.

- In hydroponics gardening there’s no need to worry about over watering or under watering the plant while in geoponics gardening you always have to change and adjust your watering techniques according on the weather and the soil condition.

- Hydroponics gardening can be developed in areas where there’s no quality soil present. For example in areas covered with snow or in a space station while geoponics gardening should always be developed in quality soil in order to produce best crops.

- Hydroponics plants is an excellent plant research and plant learning tool. They can be transferred anywhere without any hassle. In order to study a geoponics plant you have to move to the place where the plant grows.

- Plants grown with geoponics methods may suffer from all kinds of diseases, pesticides, weeds etc. caused by the presence of soil. In hydroponics gardening there’s no soil at all no weeds and no pesticides of course.

- The use of water to maintain and preserve the plant can be dramatically reduced in hydroponics gardening, while in classic geoponics gardening you always have to use more water than you need for irrigation.

- A hydroponics garden may be set up with timer systems to automatically fertilize the plants while in geoponics gardening fertilizing the plants is always a pain and most of the times it must be done manually.

- Plants grown with hydroponics techniques are healthier because they receive a balanced and controllable portion of nutrients while with geoponics gardening you can never be sure about the plant’s nutrition because there are too many factors to consider, for example whether the soil already contains enough minerals to grow the plants or whether it should be enriched with the right mix of minerals etc.

Here are some of the disadvantages of having your own hydroponics garden:

- Hydroponics gardening usually relies in electrical systems like timers or pumps. These systems control critical aspects of the plant’s nutrition routine. If any of the system fails it could result to the total destruction of the plant. In geoponics gardening you just add the water and let soil do the rest.

- If you are serious about hydroponics gardening you need more technical knowledge and information on various subjects (different solutions and mediums, types of irrigation, various materials etc.) while in geoponics gardening the rules are pretty standard and well known to almost everybody.

- Hydroponics plants require close attention, care and support and will die if not frequently monitored while geoponics plants do not require such close attention.

There are many types of organic gardening, from organic vegetable gardening to organic flower gardening. Many people have no idea what organic gardening really is. Organic Gardening refers to growing plants, vegetables, etc. without using pesticides or other harmful chemicals.

Many people believe that organic gardening offers many health benefits and that organically grown food is much better for the human body than food grown with pesticides and chemicals. With such health concerns in place, it only makes sense to grow your fruits and vegetables organically in your very own organic home garden.

If you would like to learn how to have your own organic garden but are unsure of where to start, you are in luck. I have compiled a few easy organic gardening tips for you to follow to get you started off on the right foot.

Collect Your Own Rainwater

This seems like a weird thing to do, but it is actually one of the best tips for organic gardening. For this procedure you will need to purchase a couple barrels from your local hardware store. These barrels will be used to collect rainwater. By collecting rainwater you are conserving water resources instead of wasting it. Some organic gardening growers hook up elaborate system of piping and hose to their rain collection barrels and the system then waters the organic garden automatically. You can probably find a variety of instructions for these types of systems by searching Google. If you don want to get that elaborate you can easily use a small bucket to scoop the water from the barrels or better yet, get a barrel with a spout on it, to water your organic garden by hand.

All Natural Fertilizer

Fertilizer is the place where most organic gardening growers go wrong. You must choose your fertilizer carefully. Many brands of fertilizer produced today contain some type of chemical. Be sure to read the label for the list of ingredients. True organic gardening must use an all natural fertilizer. Even if it says All Natural on the bag, make sure you read the label for the ingredients.

Another source of great natural fertilizer for organic gardening can come from using compost. Compost will help improve the structure of your soil and at the same time help increase the soils water retaining abilities. The best part about using compost for organic gardening is that it is free if you have your own compost pile or box. If not, you can always start one by beginning to collect grass clipping, leaves, etc.
Mulch for Organic Gardening

A simple yet often overlooked tip for organic gardening is to use mulch. By using organic material to mulch around your flower beds and trees you will conserve water, add humus and nutrients, and discourage weeds. This is one of the easiest organic gardening tips there is. Just be certain to locate a suitable natural organic mulch to do the job. You should be able to find one at your local home store or at a large nursery.

There are really no downsides to organic gardening. It is simply a matter of you putting in the time and consideration to make the switch from regular gardening to organic gardening. Not only will you be producing more healthy and nutritious plants and food but you will also be doing your part for the environment by not using chemicals or pesticides that do damage to it. Everything is going Green these days, so you might as well jump on the band wagon and help save the environment and a simple way to start is through organic gardening.